堕胎权是2022年中期选举中一些种族的关键因素，根据投票后民意调查。多个州在选民面前采取措施，规定或禁止堕胎的宪法权利2022年6月最高法院推翻罗伊诉韦德案-在全国范围内使该程序合法化的里程碑式的案例。
但是，如果没有这些投票措施，像萨拉·伊斯古尔这样的政治分析家就会对堕胎问题产生怀疑可能没有那么重就像2022年一样。
“我认为这是支持堕胎权利的一方前进的策略...美国广播公司新闻撰稿人伊斯古尔说:“投票措施有助于提高投票率。“如果没有这些投票措施，如果你只是在一个包括堕胎问题的平台上竞选，现在，大多数美国人都不知道他们为什么选择他们选择的候选人。"
在1月份的共和党全国委员会会议上，成员们通过了一项决议，敦促该党“在2024年的选举周期中继续进攻，揭露民主党人在出生前支持按需堕胎的极端立场。"
民主党人以另一种方式表达了他们对此事的看法——称之为个人自主对政府监管的问题——根据疾病控制和预防中心的说法，数据显示美国几乎所有的堕胎都发生在妊娠13周或之前。
尽管1月份的RNC决议没有法律价值，但它代表了进入下一个总统选举周期的政党领导人在堕胎问题上的立场。
伊斯古尔说，现在，共和党政客“正在做他们在罗伊案逆转前所做的事情”。“试图在比赛或立法中以策略取胜，以被视为最反堕胎的人。”
他们在堕胎问题上的历史也会影响选民的选择。
让我们来看看这三位共和党州长都是什么样的人作为潜在的2024候选人-在他们各自的州正在做的事情。
佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯
在罗伊案被推翻后，一项法律恢复了禁止15周后堕胎的规定在佛罗里达。有一些例外:如果母亲的生命有危险或者胎儿有致命的异常，但是在强奸或乱伦的情况下没有例外。
佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯表示，他将支持进一步收紧该州的堕胎限制——与此同时，一些其他共和党人批评他，用他们的话说，“躲在15周的禁令后面。”
在12月的一次新闻发布会上，当被问及关于签署一项所谓的“心跳法案”以增加对何时可以在胚胎中检测到心脏活动的限制时，德桑蒂斯说:“我愿意签署伟大的[赞成]生命立法。这就是我一直说我会做的。”
八月，德桑蒂斯暂停了一位著名检察官的职务在律师发表公开声明表示他不会将这一程序定为犯罪后，他从坦帕被释放。
“我只是认为当每个人都很重要时，我们会更好，”德桑蒂斯在10月份的州长辩论中说。“我知道不是每个人都会在完美的环境中出生，但我希望每个人都有机会。”
德桑蒂斯被视为一个潜在的2024年总统竞选者但淡化了这种可能性。
周二，当被问及是否准备宣布竞选时，他笑着说，“你不想知道吗?”
2022年2月3日，南达科他州州长克里斯蒂·诺姆在南达科他州皮埃尔的州议会大厦签署了一项法案
斯蒂芬·格罗夫斯/美联社，文件
南达科他州州长克里斯蒂·诺姆
作为一名州领导人，南达科他州州长克里斯蒂·诺姆一直是限制堕胎立法的最大支持者之一。
在罗伊案被推翻之前，南达科他州有一部所谓的“触发法”,在最高法院作出裁决后，该州严格禁止堕胎，但为挽救母亲生命的例外情况除外。
“最高法院所做的是修正多年前做出的一个错误决定，现在把权力还给各州，”诺姆在2022年6月的“本周”采访中告诉美国广播公司新闻的玛莎·拉达茨。
诺姆在采访中继续说道，“我不认为处于这种情况下的母亲应该被起诉。现在，明知故犯的医生应该受到起诉，这是肯定的。”
一月份，诺姆和州检察长马蒂·杰克利写了联名信给南达科他州的药剂师，警告他们可能会被控与流产药丸有关的重罪。
“根据南达科他州的法律，药店，包括连锁药店，被禁止采购和分发旨在诱导流产的诱导流产药物，并根据南达科他州的法律受到重罪起诉，尽管最近美国食品和药物管理局的裁决，”诺姆和杰克利写道。
一月份Noem的发言人批评德桑蒂斯因为没有投身于反堕胎运动。
当被问及德桑蒂斯和他的堕胎议程时，诺姆在一月份接受哥伦比亚广播公司采访时说“我会敦促每一位州长尽他们所能来支持他们的反堕胎记录。”
诺姆告诉哥伦比亚广播公司，她不急于决定2024年的竞选，并且“不相信我需要竞选总统。”
弗吉尼亚州州长格伦·杨金
弗吉尼亚州州长格伦·扬金一直公开表示支持该州更严格的堕胎法，他说在他2021年的竞选中“我反对堕胎。我相信在强奸、乱伦和母亲生命受到威胁的情况下可以有例外。”
一月份，弗吉尼亚参议院的民主党人投了反对票该州共和党领导的众议院通过了一项为期15周的禁令(强奸和乱伦除外)，以及其他限制堕胎的立法。
“代表我们拒绝听取弗吉尼亚人意见的参议院民主党人有一种真正的挫败感，超过80%的弗吉尼亚人表达了这样的观点，即共和党人和民主党人应该在这个问题上达成共识，”扬金在一月份接受WDVM电视台采访时说。
“房子里还有一条向前的路。但我确实希望他们开始听取那些选举他们来代表他们的人的意见，”扬金说。
至于2024年，何上个月告诉NBC新闻这场讨论让他“无比谦卑”，但他并没有明确排除参选或不参选的可能性。
Where 3 GOP governors, and potential 2024 contenders, stand on abortion in their states
Abortion rights were a key factor for some races in the 2022 midterm elections,according to exit polling. Multiple states had measures before voters about enshrining or barring the constitutional right to an abortion following theJune 2022 Supreme Court reversal of Roe v. Wade-- the landmark case that had legalized the procedure across the nation.
But absent those ballot measures, political analysts like Sarah Isgur feel the issue of abortionmay not have as much weightin the 2024 election cycle as it did in 2022.
"I think that's the strategy moving forward for the pro-choice side ... that the ballot measure can help with turnout at the very margin," said Isgur, an ABC News contributor. "Without those ballot measures, if you're just running on a platform that includes abortion as an issue, right now, it's pretty far down most Americans' list of why they're picking the candidates they're picking."
At a Republican National Committee conference in January, members passed a resolution urging the party to "go on offense in the 2024 election cycle, and expose the Democrats' extreme position of supporting abortion on-demand up until the moment of birth."
Democrats cast their views on the matter another way -- calling it a matter of personal autonomy over government regulation -- and, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,data indicatesnearly all abortions in the U.S. occur at or before 13 weeks' gestation.
Though the RNC resolution in January has no legal value, it represents where party leaders stands on abortion heading into the next presidential election cycle.
Now, Republican politicians are "doing the same thing they were doing pre the reversal of Roe," Isgur said. "Trying to outmaneuver each other to be seen as the most pro-life person in a race or legislature."
Their history on abortion could influence voters' choices, too.
Here's a look at what three leading GOP governors -- who are all seenas potential 2024 candidates-- are doing about the issue in their respective states.
Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis
Following the reversal of Roe, a lawbanning abortion after 15 weeks was reinstatedin Florida. There are a few exceptions: if the life of the mother is at risk or if the fetus has a fatal anomaly, but there are no exceptions in cases of rape or incest.
Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis has suggested he would support further tightening abortion restrictions in the state -- at the same time that some other Republicans have criticized him for,in their words, "hiding behind a 15-week ban."
When asked at a December news conference about signing a so-called "heartbeat bill" to increase restrictions up to when cardiac activity can be detected in an embryo, DeSantis said, "I'm willing to sign great [pro]-life legislation. That's what I've always said I would do."
In August,DeSantis suspended a prominent prosecutorfrom Tampa after the attorney made a public statement that indicated he would not criminalize the procedure.
"I just think we're better when everybody counts," DeSantis said during a gubernatorial debate in October. "I understand not everyone's going to be born in perfect circumstances, but I would like to see everybody have a shot."
DeSantis is seen as apotential 2024 presidential contenderbut has played down such a possibility.
"Wouldn't you like to know," he said with a laugh when asked on Tuesday if he was set to announce a campaign.
South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem
As a state leader, South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem has been one of the biggest supporters for legislation to restrict abortions.
South Dakota had a so-called "trigger law" in place before Roe was overruled and, following the Supreme Court's decision, the state implemented a strict ban on abortion, with exceptions to save the life of the mother.
"What the Supreme Court did was fix a wrong decision that was made many years ago and now give the power back to the states,"Noem told ABC News' Martha Raddatz in a June 2022 "This Week" interview.
Noem continued in that interview, "I don't believe that mothers in this situation should ever be prosecuted. Now doctors who knowingly violate the law, they should be prosecuted, definitely."
In January, Noem and the state Attorney General Marty Jackleywrote a joint letterto South Dakota pharmacists, warning them of possible felony prosecution associated with abortion pills.
"Under South Dakota law, pharmacies, including chain drug stores, are prohibited from procuring and dispensing abortion-inducing drugs with the intent to induce an abortion, and are subject to felony prosecution under South Dakota law, despite the recent FDA ruling," Noem and Jackley wrote.
A spokesperson for Noem in Januarycriticized DeSantisfor not being committed to the pro-life movement.
When asked about DeSantis and his abortion agenda,Noem in a January interview with CBS News said, "I would nudge every governor to do what they can to back up their pro-life record."
Noem told CBS that she was in no hurry to decide on a 2024 run and was "not convinced that I need to run for president."
Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin
Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin, who has been vocal in his support for more restrictive abortion laws in his state, saidduring his campaign in 2021that "I'm pro-life. I believe in exceptions in the case of rape and in case of incest and in case of where the mother's life is in jeopardy."
In January,Democrats in the Virginia Senate voted downa 15-week ban on the procedure with exceptions for rape and incest, along with other abortion-restricting legislation passed by the state's Republican-led House.
"There is a real sense of frustration on behalf of our Senate Democrats who refuse to listen to Virginians, and over 80% of Virginians have expressed the view that Republicans and Democrats should find consensus on this issue,"Youngkin said in a January interview with TV station WDVM.
"There's still a path forward in the House. But I sure hope they start listening to the folks that elected them to come represent them," Youngkin said.
As for 2024, hetold NBC News last monththat he was "overwhelmingly humbled" by the discussion but did not definitively rule out running -- or not.
