共和党众议员迈克·约翰逊，保守派强硬派，前总统的坚定盟友唐纳德·特朗普周三，在共和党三周内三次试图选择领导人失败后，2020年选举否认者当选为众议院议长。
约翰逊的当选是混乱的议长之争的最新转折。其他三名议员——众议院多数党领袖史蒂夫·斯卡利斯、众议院司法委员会主席吉姆·乔丹和众议院多数党党鞭汤姆·埃默——未能使党内团结一致，足以被选为麦卡锡的继任者，从而使国会有一半席位处于劣势前所未有的困境.
谁是迈克·约翰逊?
51岁的约翰逊是一个多世纪以来第三年轻的议长，也是过去140年来在国会中经验最少的议长。
他于2016年首次当选国会议员，目前正在第四个任期内任职。他代表路易斯安那州第四国会选区，包括该州的西北部。
在来国会山之前，他在路易斯安那州立法机构服务了近两年，从2015年到2017年。他还拥有作为律师的经验，专注于宪法。
约翰逊是众议院共和党会议副主席，使他成为众议院共和党第五号人物。他曾担任众议院共和党人最大组织共和党研究委员会的主席。他还在司法和军事委员会任职。
他和妻子凯莉有四个孩子。
特朗普和2020年大选
约翰逊一直是特朗普的支持者，也是投票推翻2020年选举结果的147名共和党议员之一。他还带头让他的125名共和党同僚签署一份法庭之友辩护状到最高法院，支持德克萨斯州的诉讼，该诉讼将使关键战场州的选举结果无效。
2020年11月7日，总统乔·拜登(Joe Biden)被要求举行选举的那一天，约翰逊在推特上说，他已经与特朗普谈过，他们将继续为“选举诚信”而斗争。
“我刚刚打电话给特朗普总统说:‘保持坚强，继续战斗，先生!这个国家依赖于你的决心。我们必须用尽一切可用的法律补救措施，以恢复美国人对我们选举制度公平性的信任，”约翰逊在社交媒体网络上发帖称。
他在特朗普的两次参议院弹劾指控审判中担任特朗普的法律辩护团队成员。
堕胎途径和宗教问题
约翰逊长期以来一直反对堕胎权。他已经签署了一项法案，将在全国范围内禁止15周以后的堕胎，但强奸、乱伦和母亲的生命除外。约翰逊的家乡路易斯安那州完全禁止堕胎，只有少数例外。约翰逊还支持反堕胎立法，该立法将在全国范围内有效禁止6至7周的堕胎。
2022年5月，约翰逊因在国会听证会上向一个生殖权利组织的董事会成员提出一系列问题而受到批评。
“你支持一个即将生下健康孩子的女人堕胎的权利吗?”他问。
证人提醒约翰逊“那从未发生过。”
“在你的实践中从来没有发生过，夫人，但它发生了，”他回答说。
约翰逊是一个虔诚的福音派基督徒。在上个月录制的播客中，他表示他不相信政教分离。
2023年10月24日，众议员迈克·约翰逊(共和党)离开DC华盛顿州国会山朗沃斯众议院办公楼的众议院共和党会议。
德鲁·安格雷尔/盖蒂图片社
他提到了“所谓的政教分离”，并说“创始人希望保护教会免受国家的侵犯，而不是相反。”
“如果有人试图说服你，你的圣经信仰或宗教观点需要与公共事务分开，你应该礼貌地提醒他们回顾他们的历史，你不应该退缩。”
在过去的70多年里，最高法院一直认为第一修正案的确立条款——“国会不得制定关于确立宗教或禁止自由信奉宗教的法律”——在政府和宗教之间筑起了一道墙。
约翰逊曾多次投票反对援助乌克兰。此外，他反对保护同性婚姻。
期待什么
一旦议长宣誓就职，此人就立即掌权，一个写有新任议长名字的牌子就挂在国会大厦议长办公室的门上。
作为即将上任的议长，约翰逊将提出几个紧迫的需求:对以色列和乌克兰的新援助采取行动，并找到一种方法为政府提供资金，以避免11月17日部分关闭——这一事态发展将对数百万联邦雇员和社会服务接受者产生影响。
在周六给同事的一封信中，约翰逊概述了当选议长的七个目标，包括恢复信任，促进个人成员和专注于有效的信息传递。
“我们都同意，这一时刻的紧迫性要求一个具体的计划和大胆，果断的行动，”约翰逊写道。
Who is new House Speaker Mike Johnson?
Republican Rep. Mike Johnson, a conservative hard-liner, staunch ally of former PresidentDonald Trump, and a 2020 election denier, was elected House speaker Wednesday after three failed GOP tries to choose a leader over three weeks.
Johnson's election is the latest twist in the chaotic speaker battle. Three other lawmakers -- House Majority Leader Steve Scalise, House Judiciary Committee Chairman Jim Jordan and House Majority Whip Tom Emmer -- could not unify the party enough to be elected as McCarthy's successor, leaving one half of Congress inunprecedented limbo.
Who is Mike Johnson?
At 51, Johnson is the third-youngest speaker in more a century and has the least experience in Congress of any speaker in the last 140 years.
He was first elected to Congress in 2016 and is currently serving his fourth term. He represents Louisiana's 4th Congressional District, which includes the northwestern part of the state.
Before coming to Capitol Hill, he served in the Louisiana Legislature for nearly two years, from 2015 to 2017. He also has experience as an attorney with a focus on constitutional law.
Johnson is the House Republican Conference vice chair -- making him the No. 5 House Republican. He previously served as chairman of the Republican Study Committee, the largest group of House Republicans. He also holds seats on the Judiciary and Armed Services committees.
He and his wife, Kelly, have four children.
Trump and the 2020 election
Johnson has been a vocal Trump supporter and was one of the 147 GOP lawmakers who voted to overturn the results of the 2020 election. He also led the charge to get 125 of his Republican colleagues tosign an amicus briefto the Supreme Court, supporting Texas' lawsuit that would have invalidated the election results in key battleground states.
On Nov. 7, 2020, the day the election was called for President Joe Biden, Johnson tweeted that he had spoken to Trump and that they would continue to fight for "election integrity."
"I have just called President Trump to say this: 'Stay strong and keep fighting, sir! The nation is depending upon your resolve. We must exhaust every available legal remedy to restore Americans' trust in the fairness of our election system,'" Johnson posted to the social media network.
He served on Trump's legal defense team during his two Senate trials on impeachment charges.
Abortion access and religious issues
Johnson has a long history of opposing abortion rights. He has endorsed a bill that would ban abortion nationally after 15 weeks, with exceptions for rape, incest, and the life of the mother. Johnson's home state of Louisiana has a total abortion ban, with limited exceptions. Johnson has also endorsed anti-abortion legislation that would effectively ban abortions nationwide after six to seven weeks.
In May 2022, Johnson drew criticism for a line of questioning to a board member of a reproductive rights group in a congressional hearing.
"Do you support the right of a woman who is just seconds away from birthing a healthy child to have an abortion?" he asked.
The witness reminded Johnson "that has never happened."
"Never happened in your practice, ma'am, but it happens," he responded.
Johnson is a deeply evangelical Christian. In a podcast recorded last month, he indicated he does not believe in the separation of church and state.
He referred to the "so-called separation of church and state" and said "the founders wanted to protect the church from an encroaching state, not the other way around."
"If anybody tries to convince you that your biblical beliefs or your religious viewpoint needs to separated from public affairs, you should politely remind them to review their history and you should not back down."
For the last more than 70 years, the Supreme Court has consistently found the First Amendment's establishment clause -- "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof" -- puts a wall up between the government and religion.
Johnson has repeatedly voted against Ukraine aid. Also, he has opposed protections for same-sex marriage.
What to expect
As soon as a speaker is sworn in, that person is immediately in charge and a sign with the new speaker's name is placed above the door to the speaker's office at the Capitol.
Johnson, as the incoming speaker will come in with several pressing needs: action on new aid to both Israel and Ukraine, and finding a way to fund the government to avert a partial shutdown by Nov. 17 -- a development that would have consequences for millions of federal employees and recipients of social services.
In a letter to colleagues on Saturday, Johnson outlined seven goals if elected speaker which included restoring trust, promoting individual members and focusing on effective messaging.
"We all agree the urgency of this hour demands a specific plan and bold, decisive action," Johnson wrote.
