总统乔·拜登周四面临共和党人和一些进步民主党人的批评，原因是有报道称他正在考虑采取行政措施收紧庇护限制。
一名政府官员告诉ABC新闻，一个潜在的行动方案是禁止在入境口岸之间非法进入美国的移民寻求庇护。然而，这位官员强调说，他们还远远没有决定采取什么措施。
这些考虑是在拜登继续面临政治阻力之际做出的移居在2024年的竞选中。几个月来，众议院共和党人一直向他施压，要求他采取单方面行动，遏制西南边境的移民遭遇。去年12月，西南边境的移民遭遇创下历史新高。
白宫此前拒绝了他可以这样做的建议，称只有国会的立法才能有效解决这个问题。上个月，当被问及他的行政权力时，拜登告诉记者:“我已经做了我能做的一切。”
众议院议长·迈克·约翰逊带头敦促拜登动用行政权力，同时在参议院否决了一项两党移民提案，他认为拜登可能改变路线是“选举年的噱头”
约翰逊说:“现在，在选举年，在总统将边境交给卡特尔和走私者之后，在数万名美国人因芬太尼中毒而不幸丧生之后，在无数无人陪伴的未成年人和年轻人遭到人口贩运之后，在数百万非法外国人被拜登政府分散在我们国家各地之后-总统似乎突然有兴趣试图利用他声称直到最近才存在的法律权威来做出改变。”
众议院议长迈克·约翰逊在与国家安全顾问杰克·苏的简报后发表讲话..
凯文·迪奇/盖蒂图片社
一名政府官员在被问及拜登此前关于在边境问题上没有选择的言论时表示，在移民协议在国会陷入僵局后不考虑所有可能性是不负责任的。
该法案(将边境安全和移民改革与对乌克兰、以色列和台湾的援助挂钩)包括资助加强移民审查和雇佣额外的边境巡逻人员;庇护制度的一些变化;以及官员新的紧急权力。
但约翰逊呼吁将外国援助与移民改革联系起来，并在协议发布前泼了冷水，随后立即认为该协议在众议院“一抵达就死亡”。前总统唐纳德·特朗普也鼓励共和党人避免通过妥协法案，等到2024年大选后再通过。
拜登抨击共和党人破坏协议并向特朗普“屈服”。
“从现在到11月的每一天，美国人民都会知道，边境不安全的唯一原因是唐纳德·特朗普和他的MAGA共和党朋友们，”他本月早些时候在白宫发表讲话时说。
但民调显示，移民问题是拜登的一个弱点:根据一项调查，他在这个问题上只有18%的支持率最近美国广播公司新闻/益普索民意调查.
乔·拜登总统在国宴上谈到参议院通过对乌克兰的战争援助...
吉姆·沃森/法新社盖蒂图片社
在这个问题上采取更强硬的立场，拜登招致了自己党内进步人士的抨击。
“模仿特朗普不是我们击败特朗普的方式，”纽约州民主党众议员亚历山大·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯(Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez)在X上写道，以回应有关他正在考虑可能采取行政行动的报道。“寻求庇护是所有人的合法权利。面对独裁威胁，我们不应该放弃我们的原则——我们应该坚持这些原则。”
国会进步党团主席、民主党众议员普拉米拉·贾亚帕尔表示，收紧庇护限制的行政行动“将是一个极其令人失望的错误。”
“残酷的只执行政策已经尝试了30年，根本不起作用，”贾亚帕尔在x上写道。“民主党人不能继续效仿唐纳德·特朗普和斯蒂芬·米勒的剧本——我们需要以尊严和人性来领导。”
限制庇护的行政行为也可能导致法律诉讼。美国公民自由联盟的律师告诉《纽约时报》根据具体情况，他们可以对这一行动提出质疑。
移民活动人士也反对这一想法。
“拜登政府应该确保任何边境安全行政行动都保护寻求庇护者的正当程序，并为公平、高效和人道的庇护制度提供资源，”倡导组织移民中心的执行主任凯里·塔尔博特在一份声明中说。
“庇护禁令将是错误的和非法的。塔尔博特说:“美国人希望在边境建立一个有序的系统，保护获得庇护的机会。”
Biden faces criticism from Johnson, progressives for weighing executive action on asylum
PresidentJoe Bidenon Thursday faced criticism from Republicans and some progressive Democrats over reports that he is considering executive action to tighten asylum restrictions.
One potential course of action, an administration official told ABC News, would be to prohibit migrants from seeking asylum if they cross into the U.S. illegally between ports of entry. The official stressed, however, that they are far from deciding what steps, if any, to take.
The considerations come as Biden continues to face political headwinds onimmigrationin the 2024 campaign. House Republicans have pressured him for months to act unilaterally to curb migrant encounters at the southwest border, which reached a record high in December.
The White House previously brushed off suggestions he could do so, saying only legislation from Congress could effectively solve the problem. When asked about his executive authority last month, Biden told reporters: "I've done all I can do."
House Speaker Mike Johnson, who has led the charge in urging Biden to use executive authority while also killing a bipartisan immigration proposal out of the Senate, dismissed Biden's potential change of course as "election year gimmicks."
"Now, in an election year, after the president has surrendered the border to cartels and smugglers, after tens of thousands of Americans have tragically lost their lives due to fentanyl poisoning, after countless unaccompanied minors and young people have been subjected to human trafficking, and after millions of illegal aliens have been scattered by the Biden administration throughout our country -- the president suddenly seems interested in trying to make a change using the legal authority that he claimed until recently didn't exist," Johnson said.
An administration official, asked about Biden's previous comments that he was out of options when it came to the border, argued it would be irresponsible not to consider all possibilities after the immigration deal hit a dead end in Congress.
The bill (which tied border security and immigration reforms to aid for Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan) included funding to bolster immigration review and hire additional border patrol agents; some changes to the asylum system; and new emergency powers for officials.
But Johnson, who called for foreign aid to be connected to immigration changes, poured cold water on the deal before its release and immediately after deemed it "dead on arrival" in the House. Former PresidentDonald Trump, too, has encouraged Republicans to avoid passing a compromise bill and wait until after the 2024 election.
Biden slammed Republicans for tanking the deal and "caving" to Trump.
"Every day between now and November, the American people are gonna know that the only reason the border is not secure is Donald Trump and his MAGA Republican friends," he said earlier this month in remarks from the White House.
But polls show immigration is a weak spot for Biden: He has just an 18% approval rating on the issue, according to arecent ABC News/Ipsos poll.
In taking a tougher stance on the issue, Biden has drawn fire from progressives within his own party.
"Doing Trump impressions isn't how we beat Trump," Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., wrote on X in response to reports he is weighing possible executive action. "Seeking asylum is a legal right of all people. In the face of authoritarian threat, we should not buckle on our principles - we should commit to them."
Democrat Rep. Pramila Jayapal, chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, said an executive action to tighten asylum restrictions "would be an extremely disappointing mistake."
"Cruel enforcement-only policies have been tried for 30 years and simply do not work," Jayapal wrote on X. "Democrats cannot continue to take pages out of Donald Trump and Stephen Miller's playbook -- we need to lead with dignity and humanity."
Executive action restricting asylum could also result in legal battles. An attorney for the ACLUtold the New York Timesthat, depending on the details, they could challenge the action.
Immigration activists have also pushed back on the idea.
"The Biden administration should ensure that any border security executive action protects due process for asylum seekers and provides resources for a fair, efficient and humane asylum system,"Kerri Talbot, the executive director of the advocacy group Immigration Hub, said in a statement.
"An asylum ban would be misguided and illegal. Americans want an orderly system at the border that protects access to asylum," Talbot said.
