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抖音禁令可能如何在国会上演

2024-03-13 10:15 -ABC  -  458289

 

众议院将于周三就一项两党法案进行投票,该法案将禁止在美国广受欢迎的社交媒体应用抖音在中国的销售。

尽管该法案似乎有望在众议院获得通过,但在参议院的前景却不太确定。

一位受邀参加机密简报的人士向ABC新闻透露,美国联邦调查局、司法部和国家情报总监办公室的情报官员将于周二下午向抖音和众议院议员通报情况。

 

在此之前,众议院将于周三投票表决一项立法,该立法将迫使抖音出售其中国母公司字节跳动。美国众议院能源和商业委员会一致通过立法,给字节跳动六个月时间从抖音撤资,否则将面临美国禁令。

拥有超过1.7亿美国用户的抖音表示,这项立法相当于“全面禁止”,并已呼吁其用户联系他们的国会议员.

许多众议院议员“有希望”通过立法

 

尽管抖音在最后一刻发动了游说攻势,但众议院议员周一基本上准备支持这项立法。

众议院正计划暂时搁置该法案——这表明共和党领导人预计众议院至少三分之二的议员会支持该提案。

“我非常希望众议院将通过法案,保护美国免受...我们的对手通过应用程序,”R-Wash众议员凯西·麦克莫里斯·罗杰斯说。众议院能源和商业委员会主席周一告诉美国广播公司新闻。

众议员Raja Krishnamoorthi。众议院特别委员会的最高民主党人提出了这项立法,他表示,两党在这项立法上的合作应该让“很多人感到安慰,因为这是经过深思熟虑的。”

 

前总统唐纳德·特朗普曾在任期内主张禁止抖音扭转了他的立场因为他一直在重建与一位共和党超级捐助者的关系,据报道,这位捐助者在这个流行的社交媒体平台上有很大的经济利益。

上周,川普在自己的社交平台上发文称,除掉抖音将有利于脸书,他不希望这种情况发生,这表明脸书是美国的一个更大问题。特朗普竞选团队没有回应关于特朗普改变观点的动机的更多信息的请求。

一些保守派人士表示,他们对这项立法仍未做出决定。

在周二上午的众议院共和党会议上,中国特别委员会主席迈克·加拉格尔表示,多数党领袖史蒂夫·斯卡利斯为抖音法案进行了“激烈的辩护”。

“我们正努力与有顾虑的成员交流。加拉格尔周二表示:“我今天早上在会议上和他们聊了聊。

加拉格尔说,他很惊讶地看到川普发表了反对抖音法案的声明。

他说:“我们都希望生活在一个字节跳动在抖音撤资,然后抖音被卖给一个美国人的世界里,特朗普也希望生活在这样一个世界里——特别是如果特朗普能够完成交易的话。”

自由主义团体Freedomworks敦促立法者投票反对该法案,称其为“对第一修正案的冒犯”。

一些进步人士也接受了这一观点,并表示他们没有看到足够的证据表明抖音是一个积极的国家安全问题。

“我非常担心像中国和俄罗斯这样的专制和极权政府对我们开放、自由和民主社会的干涉。但同样,使我们成为一个开放的自由民主社会的是第一修正案,因此我们必须分析这些相互竞争的问题的相互作用,”仍在审查该法案的民主党众议员杰米·拉斯金告诉ABC新闻。

抖音·比尔在参议院的表现如何?

 

参议院的国家安全鹰派长期以来一直在寻求解决他们所说的抖音对国家安全构成的威胁。许多人似乎准备接受众议院的法案;其他人很安静。

参议院情报委员会最高共和党人马尔科·卢比奥长期以来一直支持禁止这款应用。

卢比奥说:“我对此没有任何担忧——这是移动最远的一个,也是最有机会传球的一个。”

参议员乔什·霍利。是抖音禁令的另一个支持者。他负责最终导致禁止在政府设备上使用该应用程序的立法。他说,他希望众议院的法案能提交参议院审议。

尽管如此,参议院承认该法案存在问题。目前尚不清楚这项立法在参议院推进是否需要60票的支持。

共和党参议员托姆·蒂利斯说,他担心这项立法如果不仔细考虑,可能会产生意想不到的后果。

 

“我认为我主要关心的是确保我们考虑周全。蒂利斯说:“我们必须记住,这个领域的一些真正的巨头是总部位于美国的公司。”“我认为我们需要非常非常小心,这样我们才不会开始——你知道——让我们自己的公司面临报复。”

许多民主党人表示,他们还没有机会审查该法案,并将在众议院提交该法案之前暂不对此采取正式立场。

多数党领袖查克·舒默到目前为止也没有对这项立法做出承诺。

“好吧,让我们看看房子有什么作用。舒默周二下午表示:“我必须征求并打算征求我的相关委员会主席的意见,看看他们的观点是什么。”

对企业的“毁灭性”影响

 

抖音的禁令可能会伤害许多使用该平台接触客户的企业,据抖音估计有500万家。

琳达·特朗和保罗·陈等抖音内容创作者表示,该法案将是“毁灭性的”这对夫妇的美容品牌,&卵石,在平台上迅速走红——推动了他们一度陷入困境的业务。

“以前,我在其他平台上,我们从来没有发现任何成功,”Truong说。

他们说几乎所有的销售额都来自抖音。

“对抖音的禁令将是毁灭性的。我们90%的销售额来自抖音网店。“我们会失去所有的客户。”

但两党议员都警告称,抖音及其中国母公司不可信。许多人警告说,中国可能会操纵该算法来传播自己的宣传,或者获取用户的数据,如浏览器历史记录和位置,并与中国政府分享这些数据。抖音否认了这些说法。

"...这只是一个非常非常严重的国家安全风险,”Krishnamoorthi说。

加拉格尔说,事情似乎正在朝着周三通过立法的方向发展。

“我们有一个伟大的两党核心……领导层就在那里。白宫在那里。好像在排队。我只想在周三进行一次大投票。所以参议院不得不接受它。但我可能给自己带来了厄运,”加拉格尔总结道。

How a possible TikTok ban could play out in Congress


The House is set to vote Wednesday on a bipartisan bill that would ban the wildly popular social media app TikTok in the United States if its Chinese owners don't sell the app.

While the legislation appears poised to pass in the House, its future is less certain in the Senate.

Intelligence officials from the FBI, Justice Department and Office of the Director of National Intelligence are set to brief TikTok with the House lawmakers Tuesday afternoon, a person invited to the classified briefed shared with ABC News.

This comes ahead of legislations the House is set to vote on Wednesday that would force the sale of TikTok from its Chinese parent company, ByteDance. The U.S. House Energy and Commerce Committee unanimously approved legislation that gives ByteDance six months to divest from TikTok or face a U.S. ban.

TikTok, which has more than 170 million Americans users, said the legislation amounts to a "total ban," and has called on its users to reach out to their members of Congress.

 

Many House members 'hopeful' legislation passes

Despite TikTok's last minute lobbying blitz, House lawmakers on Monday were largely prepared to support the legislation.

The chamber is planning to take up the bill under suspension -- a sign that GOP leaders are expecting at least two-thirds of the House to support the proposal.

"I'm very hopeful that the House is going to pass the bill to protect America from from ... our adversaries through apps," Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Wash., chair of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, told ABC News Monday.

Rep. Raja Krishnamoorthi, D-Ill., the top Democrat on the House select committee that introduced the legislation, said the bipartisan collaboration on this legislations should give "a lot of people comfort that this was thoughtfully crafted."

 

Former President Donald Trump, who once advocated for a TikTok ban during his presidency, has reversed his position as he has been rebuilding his relationship with a GOP megadonor who reportedly has a major financial stake in the popular social media platform.

Last week, Trump posted on his own social media platform that getting rid of TikTok would benefit Facebook and that he doesn't want that to happen, suggesting Facebook is a bigger problem for the country. The Trump campaign did not respond to a request for more information about what motivated Trump's changing view.

Some conservatives have signaled that they remain undecided on the legislation.

During a House Republican Conference meeting Tuesday morning, China Select Committee Chairman Mike Gallagher, R-Wis., said Majority Leader Steve Scalise gave a "big, impassioned defense" of the TikTok bill.

 

"We are trying to talk to members who have concerns. I sort of talked to them at conference this morning," Gallagher said Tuesday.

Gallagher said he was surprised to see the statement from Trump coming out against the TikTok bill.

"The world we all want to live in, and the world Trump would want to live in -- particularly if he's the one that gets to consummate the deal, is one in which ByteDance divests in TikTok and then TikTok is sold to an American," he said.

Freedomworks, a libertarian group, is urging lawmakers to vote against the bill, calling it "an affront to the First Amendment."

Some progressives have also bought into that argument, and said they haven't seen enough evidence that TikTok is an active national security concern.

"I have a lot of concern about the interference of authoritarian and totalitarian governments like China and like Russia, in our open and free and democratic society. But also, what makes us an open free democratic society is the First Amendment and so we have to analyze the interaction of those competing concerns," Rep. Jamie Raskin, D-Md., who is still reviewing the bill, told ABC News.

How could TikTok bill fare in the Senate?

National security hawks in the Senate have long been in search of a solution to the national security threat they say is posed by TikTok. Many seem ready to embrace the House's bill; others are quiet.

Sen. Marco Rubio, the top Republican on the Senate Intelligence Committee, has long supported banning the app.

 

"I don't have any concerns about it -- it's the one that's moved the furthest, its the one that has the best chance to pass," Rubio said.

Sen. Josh Hawley, R-Mo., is another advocate of a TikTok ban. He was responsible for the legislation that ultimately led to a ban on the app on government devices. He said he's hopeful the House bill will come to the Senate floor for consideration.

Still, there's recognition in the Senate that there are problems with the bill. It's not yet clear if there would be the groundswell of support needed to get 60 votes for this legislation to advance in the Senate.

Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C., said he worries that the legislation, if not carefully considered, could have unintended consequences.

"I think my main concern is to make sure that we think it through. We have to keep in mind that some of the true giants in this space are U.S.-based firms," Tillis said. "I think we need to be very, very careful here so we don't start -- you know -- potentially expose our own companies to retaliation."

Many Democrats have said they haven't yet had a chance to review the legislation, and would withhold taking formal positions on it until the House sends it over.

Majority Leader Chuck Schumer has so far been non-committal on the legislation as well.

"Well, let's see what the House does. I'll have to consult and intend to consult with my relevant committee chairmen to see what their views would be," Schumer said Tuesday afternoon.

'Devastating' impact on businesses

A TikTok ban could hurt the many businesses -- five million by TikTok's estimation -- that use the platform to reach their customers.

TikTok content creators like Lynda Truong and Paul Tran say the bill would be "devastating." The couple's beauty brand, Love & Pebble, has gone viral on the platform -- boosting their once-struggling business.

"Before, I was on other platforms, we just never found any success," Truong said.

They said nearly all of their sales come from TikTok.

"A ban on TikTok would be devastating. Ninety percent of our sales are on TikTok Shop," Tran said. "We would lose all of our customers."

But lawmakers from both parties warn that TikTok and its Chinese parent company can't be trusted. Many warn that China could manipulate the algorithm to spread its own propaganda, or tap in to users' data like browser history and location and share that with the Chinese government. TikTok has denied these claims.

"... It's just a very, very serious national security risk," Krishnamoorthi said.

Gallagher said things seems to be coming together for the legislations to pass Wednesday.

"We have a great bipartisan core… leadership is there. The White House is there. It seems to be lining up. I just want a big vote on Wednesday. So that the Senate is forced to take it up. But I may have just jinxed myself," Gallagher concluded.

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