副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯周二与前总统唐纳德·特朗普的辩论标志着他们选举年对决的高潮。现在,民主党人希望在11月之前在选民的电视和电话屏幕上看到它。
分屏冲突的特点是表情丰富的哈里斯,他在特朗普的一些回答中闪现了困惑和怀疑的目光,并不时发出笑声,这些回答有时讨论政策,但在其他时候则关注围绕2020年选举结果的阴谋论和移民吃邻居的宠物。
民主党人告诉美国广播公司新闻,这些表达为竞选活动已经部署的广告战略提供了新的素材,该战略依靠哈里斯的怪癖和手势,并让一群年轻的社交媒体用户在互联网上充斥着剪辑和迷因。辩论中强调的政策建议已经在电视上播出,这表明了一种双管齐下的策略,即在辩论结束后很长时间内延长辩论在选民心目中的影响。
“我认为这绝对是一座金矿。我认为我们将会看到很多不同的视频、反应和图片,我认为我们不仅会在未来几周内看到它们,而且我认为很多这些视频将会存在5年、10年、20年,”支持哈里斯的内容创作者瑞安·龙(Ryan Long)说,他提到了过去一些视频在社交媒体上的长期存在,如希拉里·克林顿(Hillary Clinton)在2016年发表的推文“神奇宝贝去投票。”
周二,哈里斯执行战术手册引诱特朗普,毫不留情地攻击他的人群规模和据称对独裁者的可塑性等问题,同时还声称他“被8100万人解雇”,“经历了一段非常艰难的时期”。
她成功地让他避开了关于通货膨胀和边境的话题,反而引发了一些没有多大影响力的话题。当他称她的父亲为“马克思主义”教授时,她困惑地把手放在下巴上。当他提起俄亥俄州斯普林菲尔德移民吃宠物的被揭穿的理论时,她笑了。
哈里斯还提供了一个乐观的愿景,吹捧“我们的共同点比我们的分歧多得多”,同时还吹捧帮助小企业启动的计划,美国人购买房屋和家庭生孩子。
这些双重特征已经出现在不同类型的屏幕上。
竞选团队和相关内容创作者正在发布辩论视频,包括一个在辩论舞台的背景上有一个“舞蹈妈妈”明星,他说“我想我已经准备好回来了。我认为我比这更强大”作为对特朗普表现的讽刺。
哈里斯的团队发布了第一个辩论后广告哈里斯滔滔不绝地讲述美国的承诺。
“我所能提供的是我们国家的新一代领导人,一个对我们所能做的事情抱有乐观态度的人。哈里斯在数字广告中说道,并再次引用了她在辩论中的表演。
民主党人说,这可能只是开始。该党已经急于延长哈里斯的蜜月期,辩论的动力将随着她的激增开始稳定下来而增加。
“有些时候,她非常实际地计划帮助人们,你知道,创业、成家、买房。我可以看到这些被用在独立的支出广告或竞选广告中,只是为了抓住事情的实质。民主党广告制作人玛莎·麦肯纳说:“我可以看到一些更令人发指的事情,人们吃狗之类的,评论在社交媒体上一遍又一遍地重复。”。
该运动过去的广告集中在经济和哈里斯的传记,而年轻的社交媒体用户用关于椰子树和乳臭未干的夏天的迷因在互联网上大肆传播这一切都依赖于过去哈里斯大笑或自发表演的镜头——这是一个辩论可以复制的剧本。
“她做出了如此多不同的表达,为如此多不同类型的模因火上浇油。她有些时候笑,有些时候微笑,有些时候看起来完全不知所措,”龙说。“我认为人们最喜欢的是她做出了人们所感受到的面部表情。”
辩论中产生的内容可以扮演过去辩论规则的角色,竞选团队通过谈判将这些规则搁置一旁。
周二,辩论大厅里没有观众,当对手发言时,候选人的麦克风被静音,几乎没有对比的空间。广告和社交媒体剪辑可以填补这一空白。
“我认为重要的是让人们的反应显示出对比,并确保当房间里的人群没有反应时,我们只是获得一种反应感,”民主党策略师和内容创作者德佳·福克斯说。
特朗普的竞选团队已经还发布了社交媒体视频在辩论中,他强调了他确实讨论了诸如支持执法、水力压裂和阿富汗撤军等政策的时刻。共和党人总体上批评了哈里斯的表现,认为她的表情过于夸张,可能是排练过了。
但前美国联邦调查局特工、《肢体语言词典:人类行为实地指南》的作者乔·纳瓦罗补充说,哈里斯的表达范围为一位候选人提供了一个介绍机会,这位候选人没有她的对手那样获得选民的认可——广告可以抓住这个机会。
他说:“我认为在她行为的颤动中,她有着非常广泛的多样性,有趣的是,这正是人们发现其他人有吸引力的地方。”“我认为对于思想开放的人来说,对于那些寻找像邻居一样行动和交流的人来说,或者如果我们在晚餐聚会上看到一个完整的系列,我认为这比那些一直看起来很生气的人更有吸引力。”
而正是这些思想开放的选民将成为这场竞选的关键。
调查显示,哈里斯和特朗普之间的竞选不分上下,但尽管大多数选民对这位前总统有坚定的看法,但在最近的一次投票中,28%的潜在选民纽约时报/锡耶纳学院民意调查说他们觉得他们“需要更多地了解”副总统,给她更多的介绍机会。
在社交媒体上尤其如此,平台扼杀政治内容,让哈里斯拥有一些不关心政治的观众,他们没有关注这场竞争。
“我认为,这些反应有可能影响到更多的观众,而不仅仅是那些刚刚接触到政治的人。很多人打开手机,看到的都是跳舞的视频,”龙说。“但很多这样的反应视频,很多这样的她喊他出来的短视频,对于那些不总是关注政治的人来说是完美的。”
“这些模因中有很多能够作为非政治内容传播,”他补充道。“人们接受迷因,吸收反应,这确实会导致投票。”
In Harris' debate performance, Democrats see an advertising, social media 'gold mine'
Vice President Kamala Harris' debate with former President Donald Trump Tuesday marked the high-water mark of their election-year matchup. Now, Democrats want to see it on voters' television and phone screens until November.
The split-screen clash featured an expressive Harris, who flashed glances of confusion and incredulity along with moments of laughter during some of Trump's answers, which at times discussed policy, but at other points focused on conspiracy theories around the 2020 election results and migrants eating neighbors' pets.
Those expressions, Democrats told ABC News, offered fresh fodder for an advertising strategy the campaign has already deployed that leans on Harris' quirks and gestures and lets a cadre of young social media users flood the internet with clips and memes. And policy proposals highlighted at the debate are already ending up on the airwaves, indicating a dual-prong strategy to extend the debate's footprint in voters' minds long after its end.
"I think this was definitely a gold mine. I think we're going to be seeing this, a lot of different videos, the reactions, the pictures, I think we're not only going to see them for weeks to come, but I think a lot of these videos are going to exist for five, 10, 20 years," said Ryan Long, a pro-Harris content creator, who referenced the longevity on social media of past clips like Hillary Clinton's 2016 push to"Pokémon Go to the polls."
On Tuesday, Harrisexecuted a playbookof baiting Trump, relentlessly attacking him on things such as crowd size and purported malleability to dictators, while also claiming that he's "having a very difficult time processing" being "fired by 81 million people."
She successfully got him off talking points on inflation and the border, instead sparking stemwinders that didn't pack as much of a punch. When he dubbed her father a "Marxist" professor, she put her hand on her chin in confusion. And when he brought up debunked theories of migrants eating pets in Springfield, Ohio, she laughed.
Harris also offered an optimistic vision, touting that "we have so much more in common than what separates us," while also touting plans to help small businesses launch, Americans buy homes and families to have children.
Already, those dual features are hitting different kinds of screens.
The campaign and allied content creators are putting out videos from the debate,including onefeaturing a "Dance Moms" star over a background of the debate stage saying "I thought I was ready to be back. I thought I was stronger than this" as a caricature of Trump's performance.
And Harris' teamput out its first post-debate ad, featuring Harris waxing eloquent about America's promise.
"What I do offer is a new generation of leadership for our country, one who brings a sense of optimism about what we can do. We all have so much more in common than what separates us, and we can chart a new way forward," Harris says in the digital ad, resurfacing quotes from her debate performance.
That could just be the beginning, Democrats said. The party is already eager to extend a honeymoon for Harris, and a boost in momentum from the debate would come just as her surge has begun to level off.
"Moments where she was very substantive about her plans to help people, you know, start a business, start a family, buy a house. I could see those being used in independent expenditure ads or campaign ads, just to get to the to the substance of things. And I could see some of the more outrageous, people eating dogs and the like, comments being repeated over and over again in memes on social media," said Democratic ad maker Martha McKenna.
Past ads from the campaign have focused onthe economyandHarris' biography, while young social-media usersblitzed the internet with memes about coconut trees and brat summer, all leaning on past footage of Harris laughing or acting spontaneously -- a playbook the debate could replicate.
"She made so many different expressions that she has given just fodder for the fire for just so many different types of memes. She had ones of her laughing, ones of her smiling, ones of her just looking completely puzzled," Long said. "I think what people like so much about it was she was making the facial expressions of what people were feeling."
The content coming out of the debate could play the role of past debate rules that the campaigns negotiated to put aside.
Tuesday, there was no audience in the debate hall, and candidates' microphones were muted when their opponent was speaking, leaving little room for contrast. Ads and social media clips could fill that void.
"I think it's important to get the reactions to show the contrast and to make sure that when we don't have the crowd in the room reacting to just get a sense of reaction," said Deja Foxx, a Democratic strategist and content creator.
Trump's campaign hasalso released social media videosfrom the debate, highlighting moments where he did discuss policy on things such as support for law enforcement, fracking and the Afghanistan withdrawal. And Republicans overall have panned Harris' performance, casting her expressions as over the top and supposedly over rehearsed.
But Joe Navarro, a former FBI agent and the author of "The Dictionary of Body Language: A Field Guide to Human Behavior," added that Harris' range of expression offered a chance at an introduction for a candidate who has less cemented voter perceptions of her than her opponent does -- an opportunity on which ads could seize.
"I think in her quiver of behaviors, she just has a very wide variety, which interestingly enough is what people find attractive in others," he said. "I think to the open-minded, to the person who's looking for someone who acts and conveys as a neighbor would or if we were at a dinner gathering where you see a full range, I think that has greater appeal than, for instance, someone who just appears angry all the time."
And it's precisely those open-minded voters who will be key in this race.
Surveys have shown a neck-and-neck race between Harris and Trump, but while most voters have solid opinions of the former president, 28% of likely voters in a recentNew York Times/Siena College pollsaid they feel they "need to learn more about" the vice president, offering her more of a chance at introductions.
That's particularly true on social media, where platforms throttle political content, leaving Harris with a somewhat apolitical audience that hasn't been paying attention to the race to win over.
"These reactions, I think, have the potential to reach a broader audience outside of people who just had feeds full of politics. A lot of people, they open their phones and it's dancing videos," Long said. "But a lot of these reaction videos, a lot of these short videos of her calling him out are perfect for getting into feeds of people who don't always have politics in their feeds."
"A lot of these memes have the ability to reach through as non-political content," he added. "People take in the memes, absorb the reactions and it does lead to votes."