最高法院周一以6比3的票数支持唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)总统终止联邦贸易专员丽贝卡·斯劳特(Rebecca Slaughter)的职务，至少是在临时基础上，因为法官们表示，他们将加快对围绕行政权范围的高风险纠纷的审查。
最高法院没有解释其决定，但此举符合保守派多数派最近的其他命令，在行使重要行政权力的独立机构的人员配置方面，给予总统广泛的尊重。
特朗普无故解除了由前总统乔·拜登任命的斯劳特的职务，理由是纯粹的政策分歧。
埃琳娜·卡根、索尼娅·索托马约尔和凯坦吉·布朗·杰克森法官不同意这一决定，援引了联邦法律的文本，该文本只允许出于某种原因解除联邦贸易委员会委员的职务，以及高等法院的一个长期先例——汉弗莱的遗嘱执行人诉我们——支持这些条款。
“总统不能，就像他在这里承认的那样，毫无理由地解雇联邦贸易委员会委员，”卡根在异议中写道。"要达到不同的结果，需要颠倒汉弗莱案中的规则:它需要推翻而不是接受国会对机关设计的判断。"
卡根指责大多数人在最高法院的紧急备审表上有效地否决了汉弗莱的意见，而没有明确地这样说，也没有举行简报或辩论。
“大多数人可能急于采取行动，”卡根写道。但在行动完成之前，汉弗莱控制并阻止多数派给予总统国会拒绝给他的无限罢免权。
法院在其命令中说，法官将在12月的听证会上直接接受这一先例，审查对联邦贸易委员会成员的免职保护是否违反了分权制和汉弗莱的推翻。
在另一项命令中，法院拒绝受理特朗普解雇的功绩系统保护委员会成员凯西·哈里斯(Cathy Harris)和特朗普解雇的国家劳动关系委员会成员格温·威尔科克斯(Gwynne Wilcox)的快速上诉，这两人也在质疑总统在汉弗莱手下的行动。
此举表明，法院计划利用斯劳特案作为主要手段，解决50多个行政部门独立机构和公司的总统权力的关键问题。
Supreme Court allows Trump firing of FTC commissioner, accepts case for December argument
The Supreme Court on Monday in a 6-3 decision upheld President Donald Trump's termination of Federal Trade Commissioner Rebecca Slaughter, at least on an interim basis, as the justices said they would expedite a review of the high-stakes dispute over the scope of executive power.
The Supreme Court did not explain its decision, but the move was in line with other recent orders by the conservative majority giving broad deference to the president over staffing of independent agencies that exercise significant executive authority.
Trump removed Slaughter -- who was appointed by former President Joe Biden -- without cause, citing purely policy differences.
Justices Elena Kagan, Sonia Sotomayor and Ketanji Brown Jackson dissented from the decision citing the text of federal law, which only allows the removal of FTC commissioners for cause and a longstanding high court precedent -- Humphrey's Executor v US -- which upheld those terms.
"The president cannot, as he concededly did here, fire an FTC Commissioner without any reason," Kagan wrote in dissent. "To reach a different result requires reversing the rule stated in Humphrey's: It entails overriding rather than accepting Congress's judgment about agency design."
Kagan accused the majority of effectively overruling Humphrey's on the Supreme Court's emergency docket without saying so explicitly or holding briefing or argument.
"The majority may be raring to take that action," Kagan wrote. "But until the deed is done, Humphrey's controls, and prevents the majority from giving the President the unlimited removal power Congress denied him."
The justices will take up that precedent directly during a December hearing, examining whether removal protections for members of the FTC violate separation of powers and Humphrey's overturned, the Court said in its order.
In a separate order, the Court declined to take up expedited appeals by Cathy Harris, a Trump-fired member of the Merit Systems Protection Board, and Gwynne Wilcox, a Trump-fired member of the National Labor Relations Board, both of whom are also contesting the president's actions under Humphrey's.
The move suggests the Court plans to use the Slaughter case as the primary vehicle for resolving critical questions of presidential power across more than 50 executive branch independent agencies and corporations.
