纽约-唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)总统恢复了竞选承诺，希望对信用卡利率设定一年10%的上限，此举可以拯救美国人数百亿美元，但立即遭到了一直站在他这边的行业的反对。
特朗普周五晚上在社交媒体上的帖子中并不清楚上限是否会通过行政行动或立法生效，尽管一名共和党参议员表示，他已经与总统谈过，并将在他的“全力支持”下制定一项法案。特朗普表示，他希望在他上任一年后的1月20日能够到位。
除了信用卡公司之外，华尔街肯定会强烈反对，这些公司为他的2024年竞选活动提供了大量捐款，并支持特朗普的第二任期议程。银行的论点是，在经济令人担忧的时候，这样的计划会减少或取消信贷额度，迫使他们转向发薪日贷款或典当行等高成本的替代品，从而对穷人造成最大伤害。
“我们不会再让美国公众被收取20%至30%利率的信用卡公司敲竹杠了，”特朗普在他的真理社交平台上写道。
研究人员在特朗普的竞选承诺首次宣布后对其进行了研究，发现如果信用卡利率被限制在10%，美国人每年将节省大约1，000亿美元的利息。同样的研究人员发现，虽然信用卡行业将遭受重大打击，但它仍然是有利可图的，尽管信用卡奖励和其他津贴可能会减少。
2024年，美国约有1.95亿人拥有信用卡，并被征收1600亿美元的利息费用消费者金融保护局说。根据美国国家统计局的数据，美国人现在背负着比以往任何时候都多的信用卡债务，总计约1.23万亿美元纽约美联储去年第三季度。
此外，根据美联储和其他行业跟踪数据，美国人平均为信用卡支付19.65%至21.5%的利息。随着央行降低基准利率，这一利率在过去一年有所下降，但接近联邦监管机构自20世纪90年代中期开始跟踪信用卡利率以来的最高水平。这明显高于10年前，当时信用卡平均利率约为12%。
到目前为止，共和党政府已经证明对信用卡行业特别友好。
第一资本公司在完成收购和合并时，几乎没有受到白宫的反对发现金融2025年初，一笔交易创造了美国最大的信用卡公司。自特朗普上任以来，消费者金融保护局(Consumer Financial Protection Bureau)基本上没有发挥作用，该局的主要任务是追查涉嫌不法行为的信用卡公司。
在一份联合声明中，银行业反对特朗普的提议。
美国银行家协会和联合团体表示，“如果实施，这一上限只会促使消费者转向监管更少、成本更高的替代品。”
Bank lobbyists have long argued that lowering interest rates on their credit card products would require the banks to lend less to high-risk borrowers. When Congress enacted a cap on the fee that stores pay large banks when customers use a debit card, banks responded by removing all rewards and perks from those cards. Debit card rewards only recently have trickled back into consumers' hands. For example, United Airlines now has a debit card that gives miles with purchases.
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Trump pushes a 1-year, 10% cap on credit card interest rates and banks balk
NEW YORK --Reviving a campaign pledge, President Donald Trump wants a one-year, 10% cap on credit card interest rates, a move thatcould save Americanstens of billions of dollars but drew immediate opposition from an industry that has been in his corner.
Trump was not clear in his social media post Friday night whether a cap might take effect through executive action or legislation, though one Republican senator said he had spoken with the president and would work on a bill with his “full support.” Trump said he hoped it would be in place Jan. 20, one year after he took office.
Strong opposition is certain from Wall Street in addition to the credit card companies, which donated heavily to his 2024 campaign and have supported Trump's second-term agenda. Banks are making the argument that such a plan would most hurt poor people, at a time of economic concern, by curtailing or eliminating credit lines, driving them to high-cost alternatives like payday loans or pawnshops.
“We will no longer let the American Public be ripped off by Credit Card Companies that are charging Interest Rates of 20 to 30%,” Trump wrote on his Truth Social platform.
Researchers who studied Trump’s campaign pledge after it was first announced found that Americans would save roughly $100 billion in interest a year if credit card rates were capped at 10%. The same researchers found that while the credit card industry would take a major hit, it would still be profitable, although credit card rewards and other perks might be scaled back.
About 195 million people in the United States had credit cards in 2024 and were assessed $160 billion in interest charges, theConsumer Financial Protection Bureausays. Americans are now carrying more credit card debt than ever, to the tune of about $1.23 trillion, according to figures from theNew York Federal Reservefor the third quarter last year.
Further, Americans are paying, on average, between 19.65% and 21.5% in interest on credit cards according to the Federal Reserve and other industry tracking sources. That has come down in the past year as the central bank lowered benchmark rates, but is near the highs since federal regulators started tracking credit card rates in the mid-1990s. That’s significantly higher than a decade ago, when the average credit card interest rate was roughly 12%.
The Republican administration has proved particularly friendly until now to the credit card industry.
Capital One got little resistance from the White House when it finalized its purchase and merger withDiscover Financialin early 2025, a deal that created the nation’s largest credit card company. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which is largely tasked with going after credit card companies for alleged wrongdoing, has been largely nonfunctional since Trump took office.
In a joint statement, the banking industry was opposed to Trump's proposal.
“If enacted, this cap would only drive consumers toward less regulated, more costly alternatives," the American Bankers Association and allied groups said.
Bank lobbyists have long argued that lowering interest rates on their credit card products would require the banks to lend less to high-risk borrowers. When Congress enacted a cap on the fee that stores pay large banks when customers use a debit card, banks responded by removing all rewards and perks from those cards. Debit card rewards only recently have trickled back into consumers' hands. For example, United Airlines now has a debit card that gives miles with purchases.
The U.S. already places interest rate caps on some financial products and for some demographics. The Military Lending Act makes it illegal to charge active-duty service members more than 36% for any financial product. The national regulator for credit unions has capped interest rates on credit union credit cards at 18%.
Credit card companies earn three streams of revenue from their products: fees charged to merchants, fees charged to customers and the interest charged on balances. The argument from some researchers and left-leaning policymakers is that the banks earn enough revenue from merchants to keep them profitable if interest rates were capped.
"A 10% credit card interest cap would save Americans $100 billion a year without causing massive account closures, as banks claim. That’s because the few large banks that dominate the credit card market are making absolutely massive profits on customers at all income levels," said Brian Shearer, director of competition and regulatory policy at the Vanderbilt Policy Accelerator, who wrote the research on the industry's impact of Trump's proposal last year.
There are some historic examples that interest rate caps do cut off the less creditworthy to financial products because banks are not able to price risk correctly. Arkansas has astrictly enforced interest rate cap of 17%and evidence points to the poor and less creditworthy being cut out of consumer credit markets in the state. Shearer's research showed that an interest rate cap of 10% would likely result in banks lending less to those with credit scores below 600.
The White House did not respond to questions about how the president seeks to cap the rate or whether he has spoken with credit card companies about the idea.
Sen. Roger Marshall, R-Kan., who said he talked with Trump on Friday night, said the effort is meant to “lower costs for American families and to reign in greedy credit card companies who have been ripping off hardworking Americans for too long."
Legislation in both the House and the Senate would do what Trump is seeking.
Sens. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., and Josh Hawley, R-Mo., released a plan in February that would immediately cap interest rates at 10% for five years, hoping to use Trump’s campaign promise to build momentum for their measure.
Hours before Trump's post, Sanders said that the president, rather than working to cap interest rates, had taken steps to deregulate big banks that allowed them to charge much higher credit card fees.
Reps. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., and Anna Paulina Luna, R-Fla., have proposed similar legislation. Ocasio-Cortez is a frequent political target of Trump, while Luna is a close ally of the president.
