他说他会在第一个任期内做到这一点。
现在，随着移居选民在11月面临的首要问题是，唐纳德·特朗普他说，如果再次当选，他决心实现他的威胁:围捕并驱逐数百万未经合法许可居住在美国的移民。
为此，这位前总统说，他将利用当地执法部门和国民警卫队来寻找生活在美国各地的此类移民。他也没有排除在美国领土上建立拘留营或动用军队作为努力的一部分。
特朗普最近在新泽西州维尔德伍德的一次集会上说:“在我新政府的第一天，我将封锁边境，阻止人们涌入我们的边境，并将乔·拜登的非法外国人送回他们属于的家园。”“他们必须被送回家。”
移民专家和支持者认为这是一个极端的提议，如果实施将会产生严重的后果。
美国移民律师协会前主席大卫·利奥波德告诉美国广播公司新闻，“这将是一场混乱，这将是一场噩梦。”。"除了充满仇恨的意识形态之外，它没有任何经济或社会理由."
最新数据显示，美国约有1100万非法移民估计来自国土安全部。DHS发现，绝大多数人(79%)在2010年之前就已经在这个国家了——尽管该报告包含了2022年之前的数据历史性的涌入在边境口岸。
移民倡导组织FWD.us的数据找到美国有2200万人生活在混合身份的家庭中，其中至少有一名无证人员与美国公民、绿卡持有者或其他合法居民生活在一起。
“这些政策将触及每一个美国人，”国家移民法律中心主席基卡·马托斯说。
“我们正在谈论破碎的社区，家庭被分离，种族貌相，践踏我们的宪法，经济影响——更不用说这个议程将对我们的国家带来的外交和后勤挑战，”她告诉美国广播公司新闻。
国家移民法律中心质疑川普以前的政策，比如那些导致家庭在边境分离的政策，以及禁止来自穆斯林国家的移民和结束对童年抵达者的延期行动的努力(DACA)。马托斯说，他们的团队自今年年初以来一直在制定战略，预计“可能的特朗普2.0”将挑战他可能试图制定的任何大规模驱逐计划。
美国上一次大规模驱逐移民是在20世纪50年代，当时的德怀特·戴维·艾森豪威尔总统驱逐了大约100万名乘坐火车、公共汽车和货船的墨西哥无证移民，其中许多人是临时工或季节工。特朗普指出了艾森豪威尔的侵略行为-当时用“湿背行动”和后来的诽谤来命名被批评为不人道-作为他誓言的典范。
但是，除了法律上的障碍，任何大规模驱逐行动都将面临巨大的后勤障碍:有限的拘留空间，需要数千名执法人员，以及大量积压的案件。
美国移民委员会(American Immigration Council)项目和战略常务董事豪尔赫·洛里(Jorge Loweree)说，“总的能力远远达不到执行今天详细计划所必需的水平。
无党派移民政策研究所的高级研究员穆扎法·奇什蒂说:“我认为人们只是不明白这个过程有多耗费劳动力，尤其是在我们这样一个幅员辽阔、人口多样化的国家。”。“在我们的混合社区中，几乎不可能发现未经授权的工人，即使是对一个人执行搜查令也需要大量的人力资源。”
“因此，考虑到所有这些限制，人们很快就会明白，说起来容易做起来难，”Chishti说。“这显然是出于政治目的，选举后我们可能不会再听到它了。”
事实上，特朗普在2016年竞选期间也承诺大规模驱逐无证移民，但从未实施。
这一轮，特朗普加大了反对移民的言论。他甚至暗示移民正在“毒害我们国家的血液”，并且在没有证据的情况下，声称他们主要来自“监狱、拘留所、精神病院、精神病院”。除了大规模驱逐出境，他还建议终止出生公民权(非法居住在美国的父母在美国出生的孩子的公民权，目前由第14修正案保障)和重新实施旅行禁令。
一些观察人士担心，如果特朗普再担任四年总司令，他将进一步执行反移民议程。
特朗普发誓要扩大行政权力，并任命忠于他和他的愿景的公务员。虽然法院是他第一次执政期间的主要支持者，但特朗普通过任命数百名法官和几名最高法院法官重塑了联邦司法机构。
此外，似乎他现在在国会山得到了更多共和党人的支持。佛罗里达州共和党参议员马尔科·卢比奥曾是移民改革的支持者，最近他改变了立场，转而支持特朗普的驱逐计划。
“我认为他们在第一任期学到了一些关于机构和法院的惨痛教训，以及他们的一些计划可能会进展缓慢，”利奥波德谈到特朗普的团队时说。“所以，我认为他们将带着更多的知识进入第二个任期，以及如何实际管理政府和实施他们的计划。”
Trump again vows to deport millions of migrants. Could he really do it?
He said he would do it in his first term.
Now, withimmigrationa top issue for voters in November,Donald Trumpsays, if elected again, he's determined to carry out his threat: to round up and deport millions of migrants living in the U.S. without legal permission.
To do so, the former president said he would use local law enforcement and the National Guard to find such migrants living across the U.S. He also hasn't ruled out building detention camps on U.S. soil or activating the military as part of the effort.
"On Day 1 of my new administration, I will seal the border, stop the invasion of people pouring through our border and send Joe Biden's illegal aliens back home where they belong," Trump said at a recent rally in Wildwood, New Jersey. "They have got to be sent home."
It's a proposal immigration experts and advocates say is extreme, and would have major consequences if implemented.
"It's going to be a mess and it's going to be a nightmare," David Leopold, a former president of the American Immigration Lawyers Association, told ABC News. "There is no economic or social rationale for it other than a hateful ideology."
There are about 11 million unauthorized migrants living in the U.S., according to the most recentestimatesfrom the Department of Homeland Security. The overwhelming majority of the population (79%) have been in the country since before 2010, DHS found -- though the report contains numbers through 2022, before thehistoric influxin border crossings.
Data from the immigration advocacy group FWD.usfoundthat 22 million people in the U.S. live in a mixed-status household where at least one undocumented person lives with U.S. citizens, green card holders or other lawful residents.
“These policies will touch every single American,” said Kica Matos, the president of the National Immigration Law Center.
"We're talking about broken communities, families being separated, racial profiling, the trampling of our Constitution, an economic impact -- not to mention the diplomatic and the logistical challenges that this agenda will have on our nation," she told ABC News.
The National Immigration Law Center challenged previous Trump policies, like those that resulted in family separation at the border and efforts to ban immigrants from Muslim countries and to end Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). Matos said their team has been strategizing since the start of the year in anticipation of a "possible Trump 2.0" to challenge any mass deportation plan he may try to enact.
The last time there was a mass deportation of migrants in the U.S. was in the 1950s under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who expelled roughly 1 million Mexican undocumented immigrants, many of whom were temporary or seasonal workers, on trains, buses and cargo ships. Trump has pointed to Eisenhower's aggressive actions -- dubbed at the time using the slur "Operation Wetback" and latercriticized as inhumane-- as a model for his pledge.
But in addition to legal roadblocks, any mass removal effort would face huge logistical hurdles: limited detention space, thousands of enforcement personnel needed and heavy case backlogs.
"The overall capacity is nowhere near what would be necessary to carry out the plans as they've been detailed today," said Jorge Loweree, the managing director of programs and strategy at the American Immigration Council.
"I think people just do not understand how labor intensive this process is, especially in a country of our size and a country of our diversity," said Muzaffar Chishti, a senior fellow at the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute. "That it's almost impossible to spot an unauthorized worker in the mixed communities that we have and that it takes a lot of personnel resources even to execute a warrant against a single person."
"So given all those constraints, people will soon understand that's easier said than done," Chishti said. "It's clearly used for political purposes and we may not hear it again after the election."
In fact, Trump similarly pledged a mass deportation of undocumented migrants during his 2016 campaign and it was never carried out.
This cycle, Trump has ratcheted up his rhetoric against immigrants. He's gone so far as to suggest migrants are "poisoning the blood of our country" and, without evidence, to claim they are largely coming from "prisons, jails, mental institutions, from insane asylums." In addition to mass deportations, he's also suggested ending birthright citizenship (a right to citizenship for children born in the U.S. to parents living in the country illegally that is currently guaranteed by the 14th Amendment) and reimposing travel bans.
Some observers worry Trump would go further in executing his anti-immigrant agenda if granted another four years as commander in chief.
Trump's vowed to expand executive authority and install public servants loyal to him and his vision. And while the courts were a major backstop during his first administration, Trump reshaped the federal judiciary by appointing hundreds of judges and several Supreme Court justices.
Plus, it appears he now has more buy-in from Republicans on Capitol Hill. Sen. Marco Rubio, a Florida Republican who was once a champion of immigration reform, recently reversed his stance to support Trump's deportation plan.
"I think they learned some hard lessons in the first term about the agencies and about the courts, and how some of their schemes can be slow walked," Leopold said of Trump's team. "So, I think they will be going into the second term with a lot more knowledge and how to actually run the government and implement their plans."
