法蒂玛是印度数百万女性之一阿富汗现在生活在阴影中，由于担心他们的未来会回到压抑的过去而被关在家里。
这位28岁的摄影师认识了一个充满活力、多彩而大胆的阿富汗。她告诉《夜生活》杂志，她花了数年时间“在布卡背后”捕捉阿富汗女性的美丽，并向世界展示她们“从未看到和思考过”的更积极、更坚强的一面
但是像许多塔利班战争后的阿富汗妇女一样收复该国的全面攻势，她面临着不确定性，担心阿富汗妇女会失去过去20年来拥有的日常自由，包括上学或工作的能力。他们害怕在20世纪90年代末塔利班统治下生活的回归，那时他们几乎没有权利，暴力猖獗。
法蒂玛在接受《夜生活》采访时表示:“目前情况非常复杂，我们不知道接下来会发生什么。”为了保护她的身份，美国广播公司新闻只会使用她的名字。“我们只是在思考我们在历史上读到的，以及我们对阿富汗塔利班的了解。...现在，恐怕我们要回到20年前。几天前，我和女孩们聊天，她们担心又要穿罩袍了。”
法蒂玛，美国广播公司新闻将只提及她的名字，她说，周二她走出家门时戴着一个完整的头巾，像罩袍一样遮住身体和头部，但不遮住脸。
“有那么多更勇敢的女人;不仅仅是我，”她说。“他们在这里长大。他们为很多事情而战。他们为我们今天的样子而战。那么我们怎么能接受回去呢?我们怎么能说话，怎么能忽视女性的权利?因为，正如你今天看到的，我可以看到外面有那么多男人，但女人却很少。”
在一周多一点的时间里，塔利班占领了阿富汗全境的城市，并宣布完全控制该国，这可能会使美国和北约20年来加强阿富汗安全部队的努力付之东流。
在…里周二的第一场新闻发布会，塔利班宣布对阿富汗实行“大赦”，向曾经作为翻译或其他身份与美国或盟军一起工作的任何人提供安全保证。
这位塔利班发言人还表示，女性将“被赋予所有权利，无论是工作还是其他活动，因为女性是社会的重要组成部分。”他说，该组织鼓励妇女加入政府并继续接受教育。
这位发言人说:“我们保证他们在伊斯兰教范围内的所有权利。”他明确表示，阿富汗妇女的权利将遵循严格的伊斯兰教法。
法蒂玛对塔利班的承诺表示怀疑。
她说:“鉴于塔利班政权给阿富汗人民带来的黑暗经历，我们看到了很多他们没有承诺的其他事情。“当我在喀布尔与阿富汗女孩交谈时，她们想穿什么就穿什么。他们想去咖啡馆。他们想去喝咖啡，谈论自由。”
纳斯林·纳瓦，一位在内布拉斯加-林肯大学读研究生的记者和富布赖特学者，星期五离开阿富汗就在塔利班占领喀布尔总统府的前几天。但是，尽管她能够离开这个国家，她的家人仍然在那里。
“我没有夸大其词，那是我一生中最糟糕的时刻，”纳瓦在谈到她听说喀布尔陷落的那一刻时说。“尽管如此，我还是不敢相信。”
她说，她的姐姐也是一名记者，在她的航班被取消后，她担心自己在阿富汗的生活。
“她告诉我也许她会找到办法，”纳瓦说。“她不能把我的父母带走，这真的很伤人，因为他们会被抛在后面，没有任何孩子——什么都没有——在一个他们不相信的政权下。”
她接着说，“每个人都对前政权时期的塔利班有一些记忆。太黑了，太可怕了。它充满了残酷，人们只记得所有的公开处决。他们将开始带走一些人，特别是记者、社会活动家和活跃的女性。”
突然的接管引发了大规模流亡公民和外国人担心他们的安全不受伊斯兰激进叛乱组织的残酷压迫统治。
多达11000名美国人和数万名阿富汗人拼命想离开喀布尔周二，大约4000名美军守卫了机场。塔利班还在整个城市设立了检查站，将当地人和外国人分开。美国国务院已指示美国人前往机场进行撤离飞行，但周三也警告称，它无法“确保安全通行”，打破了此前保证塔利班方面合作的官方信息。
美国驻喀布尔大使馆的一封电子邮件通知中写道:“喀布尔的安全局势继续迅速变化，包括机场。
塔利班内部的高级领导人声称，他们希望组建一个“包容的伊斯兰政府”该组织现在更懂媒体，利用推特等社交媒体传播信息，并利用Whatsapp鼓励阿富汗公民向其所谓的平民伤亡预防和投诉委员会投诉。
作家兼记者盖尔·策马赫·莱蒙质疑，如果塔利班再次执政，谁会追究他们的责任，以及在21世纪的塔利班政府下，这个国家会是什么样子。
“处决，塔利班挨家挨户，没有音乐，没有与外界的联系，”泽马赫·莱蒙告诉《夜生活》“他们有什么不同吗?也许吧。我是说，我们走着瞧。但这个国家绝对不一样。”
20世纪90年代，就在第一个塔利班政权掌权之前，大约50%的政府职位由女性担任，女性还占医生的40%和教师的70%。周二，这座城市在某些方面类似于塔利班统治时期的样子，外面几乎没有女性。
泽马赫·莱蒙说:“1996年，第一套规则规定，街上没有女伴就没有女人，除了不穿高跟鞋的罩袍，女人什么都不穿。“我们将看到在阿富汗一直存在的现代化力量和推动国家回到过去的力量之间的竞争，相互碰撞。女孩们正处于其中。”
“想象一下，你家里的女孩生活在塔利班之下，”她补充道。“这些年轻女性一直是建设国家未来的一部分，她们必须等待，看看(塔利班)会带来什么。”
1994年，就在塔利班第一次掌权之前，阿富汗记者纳齐拉·卡利米离开了这个国家。在五角大楼周一的新闻发布会上，她代表阿富汗人民承诺提供帮助，并询问阿什拉夫·加尼总统周日逃离该国后在哪里。
“我们不知道他在哪里，我们也没有总统。卡利米在新闻发布会上说:“拜登总统说，加尼总统知道他必须为美国人民而战。“但我们没有任何总统。...阿富汗人民不知道该怎么办。妇女在阿富汗取得了很大成就。...现在我们又回到了第一步。”
周三，他发布了一条视频信息，称自己和家人在阿联酋，除了离开别无选择。
卡利米告诉《夜生活》说，如果塔利班“继续他们的旧政策，相信我，阿富汗没有未来。”
但她也表示，阿富汗妇女将为她们的信仰而战。
“阿富汗妇女[她们]从未失去希望。他们从不放弃。只要我了解阿富汗妇女，她们活着就在战斗，”卡利米说。
法蒂玛赞同卡利米的观点，她说:“我们不是在为我们的人权而战。我们在谈论我们人类的需求。...我们需要更多受过教育的女性发出自己的声音，拥有自己的空间，谈论性别平等。”
Memories of Taliban rule strike fear, uncertainty in Afghan women
Fatimah is one of millions of women inAfghanistannow living in the shadows, shuttered in their homes out of fears that their futures will be a return to a repressive past.
The 28-year-old photographer has known a vibrant, colorful and bold Afghanistan for much of her life. She told "Nightline" that she has spent years going "behind the burqa" to capture the beauty of Afghan women and show the world a more positive, stronger side of them that it "never sees and thinks about."
But like many Afghan women after the Taliban'ssweeping offensive to reclaim the country, she faces uncertainty and fear that Afghan women will lose the everyday freedoms they've had for the last 20 years, including the ability to go to school or have a job. They fear a reversion to life in the late 1990s under Taliban rule, when they had few rights and violence was rampant.
"It's so complicated for now, and we don't know what will be next," Fatimah told "Nightline." To protect her identity, ABC News will only use her first name. "We are just thinking about what we read in history and what we know about [the] Taliban in Afghanistan. ... Now, I'm afraid we're going back 20 years ago. A couple days ago, I was talking to girls and they were concerned they had to wear a burqa again."
Fatimah, to whom ABC News will refer by only her first name, said that on Tuesday she walked out of her home wearing a full hijab, which covers the body and head like a burqa but does not cover the face.
"There are so many more brave women; it's not only me," she said. "They grew up here. They fought for so many things. They fought for what we are today. So how we can accept to go back? And how we can talk and how we can ignore women's rights? Because, as you see today, I could see that so many men were outside but so few women."
In a little more than a week, the Taliban seized cities throughout Afghanistan and declared full control of the country, potentially undoing much of the 20-year effort by the U.S. and NATO to strengthen Afghan security forces.
Inits first press conference on Tuesday, the Taliban declared "amnesty" to Afghanistan, offering assurances of safety to anyone who'd worked with the U.S. or allied forces as interpreters or in another capacity.
The Taliban spokesperson also said that women would be "afforded all their rights whether it is at work or other activities because women are a key part of society." The group, he said, is encouraging women to join its government and continue to receive an education.
"We are guaranteeing all their rights within the limits of Islam," the spokesperson said, making it clear that Afghan women's rights would follow strict Sharia law.
Fatimah expressed doubts about the Taliban's promises.
"Given the dark experience of Afghan people from Taliban regime, we saw so many other things that they didn't have the commitment," she said. "When I have conversations with Afghan girls in Kabul, they want to wear everything they wanted. They want to go to [the] cafe. They want to go have coffee, to talk about freedom."
Nasrin Nawa, a journalist and Fulbright scholar attending graduate school at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln,left Afghanistan on Friday, just days before the Taliban seized the presidential palace in Kabul. But while she was able to get out of the country, her family is still there.
"I'm not exaggerating, it was the worst time in my life," Nawa said about the moment she heard Kabul had fallen. "Even still, I cannot believe it."
She said that her sister is also a journalist, and that she fears for her life in Afghanistan after her flight out was canceled.
"She told me maybe she'd find a way," Nawa said. "She cannot take my parents with herself and it really hurts because they will be left behind without any children -- without anything -- under a regime that they don't believe in."
She went on, "Everyone has some memories [of the] Taliban from the previous regime. It was so dark and terrifying. It was full of cruelty and people just remember all the public executions. They will start taking away some people, specifically journalists, social activists [and] females who were active."
The sudden takeover hassparked a mass exodusof citizens and foreigners who fear for their safety from the brutal and oppressive rule of the Islamic militant insurgent group.
As many as 11,000 Americans and tens of thousands of Afghansdesperately tried to leave Kabulon Tuesday as about 4,000 U.S. troops secured the airport. The Taliban had also set up checkpoints throughout the city to separate locals from foreigners. The State Department has directed Americans to the airport for departing evacuation flights but also warned on Wednesday that it could not “ensure safe passage” there, breaking from prior official messages assuring cooperation from the Taliban.
"The security situation in Kabul continues to change quickly, including at the airport," read an email notice from the U.S. Embassy in Kabul.
Senior leaders within the Taliban have claimed they want to form an "inclusive, Islamic government." The group, now more media-savvy, has used social media like Twitter to spread its message, and Whatsapp to encourage Afghan citizens to send complaints to its so-called Civilian Casualty Prevention and Complaints Commission.
Author and journalist Gayle Tzemach Lemmon questioned who would hold the Taliban accountable if they were to rule again, and what the country would be like under a 21st century Taliban government.
"Executions, Taliban going door to door, no music, no connection to the outside world," Tzemach Lemmon told "Nightline." "Are they any different? Maybe, right? I mean, we'll see. But the country is definitely different."
In the '90s, just before the first Taliban regime acquired power, about 50% of government jobs were held by women, who also made up 40% of physicians and 70% of teachers. On Tuesday, the city in some ways resembled its previous self under Taliban rule, with few women outside.
"In 1996, the first set of rules said no women in the streets without a chaperone, no women wearing anything but a burqa with no high heels," said Tzemach Lemmon. "And we're going to see the competition that was always taking place in Afghanistan between the forces of modernity and the forces that were pushing the country back toward its past, colliding. And the girls are going to be right in the middle of it."
"Imagine girls in your family living under [the] Taliban," she added. "These young women [have] been part of building [the] country's future and have to wait to see what [the Taliban] will bring."
Afghan journalist Nazira Karimi left the country in 1994, just before the Taliban acquired power for the first time. At a Pentagon press briefing on Monday, she pled for help on behalf of the Afghan people and asked where President Ashraf Ghani was after he fled the country on Sunday.
"We don't know where is he, and we don't have a president. President [Joe] Biden said that President Ghani know he has to fight for us people," Karimi said during the press briefing. "But we don't have any president. ... Afghan people don't know what to do. Women have a lot of achievement in Afghanistan. ... Now we go back to the first step again."
On Wednesday, he released a video message saying he was in the United Arab Emirates with his family and had "no choice" but to leave.
Karimi told "Nightline" that if the Taliban "continue their old policy, believe me, that there is no future in Afghanistan."
But she also said that Afghan women will fight for what they believe in.
"Afghan women, [they] never lose their hope. They never give up. As long as I know Afghan women, they are fighting as long as they are alive," Karimi said.
Fatimah echoed Karimi's sentiment, saying, "We are not fighting for our human rights. We are talking about our human need. ... We need to have more educated women to claim their voice, to have their space and to talk about gender equality."
